JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 8, 2020

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: This survey study assessed public opinion in California (overall and by firearm ownership status) on two proposals to prevent firearm injuries: an amnesty program that would allow individuals to turn in ammunition magazines that hold  more than 10 bullets, no questions asked; and a law that prevents someone from buying a gun for five years if they have had two or more driving under the influence of alcohol or drugs convictions in five years. It is illegal in California to buy or sell ammunition magazines that hold more than 10 bullets; it may soon be illegal to have them.

Author: Rocco Pallin, M.P.H., of the University of California, Davis, is the corresponding author.

(10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18786)

Editor’s Note: The article includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Maryam Guiahi, M.D., M.Sc., email David Kelly at david.kelly@cuanschutz.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: A survey of U.S. adults suggests most don’t consider an institution’s religious affiliation when selecting a health care facility. The survey, delivered on the phone or via the internet, was completed by 1,446 participants, most of whom were white and the most common religion was Protestant. Only 6.4% of adults reported that they considered religious affiliation when selecting a health care facility. However, most participants (71.4%), especially women, agreed their personal health decisions should take priority over an institution’s religious values in the provision of services. Federal protections allow health facilities to limit options to patients on the basis of religious values. Limitations of the study include a low response rate and a large proportion of individuals who were white and who had higher education and higher income.

Authors: Maryam Guiahi, M.D., M.Sc., University of Colorado School of Medicine in Aurora, and and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17008)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

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JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Sunil Agarwal, M.D., email Nicole Rouech at  MichiganOPEN@umich.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Many states have passed laws restricting the duration of opioid prescriptions for acute pain. This analysis focused on Massachusetts and Connecticut, the first states to implement limits after the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published opioid prescribing guidelines in March 2016, to examine the association of opioid prescribing duration limits and postoperative opioid prescribing in those two states. The states implemented limits of seven days on initial opioid prescriptions in 2016 with exceptions for some patients and leeway for clinicians to override the limits based on their medical judgment. After analyzing data for 16,281 adults not using opioids but who filled an initial prescription within 3 days of surgery between mid 2014 and late 2017, investigators report opioid duration prescribing limits were associated in Massachusetts with decreases in average prescription size filed, the duration supplied and prescribing more than a seven-day supply, although the changes were small. Prescribing limits weren’t associated with changes in Connecticut. Limitations of the study include that it captured only opioid prescriptions reimbursed through employer-based health insurance and it didn’t include all surgical procedures performed in Massachusetts and Connecticut.

Authors: Sunil Agarwal, M.D., of the Michigan Opioid Prescribing Engagement Network, Ann Arbor, Michigan, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18361)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author L. Samuel Wann, M.D., and senior author Gregory Thomas, M.D., email Nick Ragone at Nick.Ragone@ascension.org and Rhoda Weiss at reweiss@memorialcare.org. The full study is linked to this news release. An image of the mummified remains is below.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Computed tomography (CT) imaging of mummified remains of three young Inuit people living 500 years ago in Greenland shows calcifications in remnants of their arteries that resemble atherosclerosis (a hardening and narrowing of the arteries) seen in living humans and other mummies. In an effort to better understand the early human history of atherosclerosis, researchers examined the remains of the mummies from the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology in Cambridge, Massachusetts, because the ancient Inuit were hunter-gatherer people who ate a marine-based diet, which is rich in omega-3 fatty acids. While this case series presents evidence of calcified plaques in the mummified remains, an incomplete visualization of the arteries means the authors can’t determine the severity of the vascular calcifications or evaluate clinical disease.

Authors: L. Samuel Wann, M.D., of Ascension Healthcare, in Milwaukee, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.18270)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

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JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Researchers in this observational study looked at the number of concussions(both sports-related and not related to sports) experienced by undergraduate students at a large U.S. public university over three academic years.

Authors: John Breck, D.O., of Medical Services at University of Colorado in Boulder, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17626)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 18, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding authors Guang-Hui Dong, M.D., Ph.D., and Yunjiang Yu, Ph.D., email donggh5@mail.sysu.edu.cn and yuyunjiang@scies.org. The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Attending schools in greener areas appears to be associated with a lower likelihood of having symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in this observational study of children in China. There were 59,754 children (ages 2 to 17) included, of whom 2,566 (4.3%) had ADHD symptoms. Attending schools in greener areas (as measured by satellite image-derived vegetation indexes) was associated with lower odds of ADHD symptoms, which was defined as six or more symptoms. Limitations of the study include other potential factors that could explain the results; a causal link cannot be made between greener areas surrounding schools or kindergartens and ADHD symptoms; and ADHD symptoms were measured using questionnaires completed by parents and guardians with no clinical verification. While further studies are needed, researchers suggest their findings could be helpful for developing strategies to plan more green spaces around schools.

Authors: Guang-Hui Dong, M.D., Ph.D., of Sun Yat-sen University, and Yunjiang Yu, Ph.D., of the South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, in Guangzhou, China, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17862)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

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JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, DECEMBER 13, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Nearly 200 years of military records from 1819 to 2017 were used to examine suicide rates among active-duty personnel in the U.S. Army in this observational study.

Authors: Jeffrey Allen Smith, Ph.D.,of the University of Hawaii in Hilo, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.17448)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

 #  #  #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

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Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

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JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Karina Pereira-Lima, Ph.D., email Kara Gavin at kegavin@med.umich.edu. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: Physician depressive symptoms were associated with increased risk of perceived medical errors, and medical errors were associated with subsequent depressive symptoms in physicians in this analysis that combined data from multiple studies. Data were pulled from 11 studies and all but one study used self-reported measures of medical errors. Medical errors harm patients and previous research suggests depression is common among physicians. More studies are needed to determine whether interventions for reducing depressive symptoms in physicians could help to reduce medical errors and improve patient safety.

Authors: Karina Pereira-Lima, Ph.D., of the University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16097)

Editor’s Note: The article includes conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

 #  #  #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are a widely prescribed class of drugs for reducing stomach acid levels and this observational study examined the association between continuous use of PPIs and risk of at least one intestinal viral infection during winter months when circulation of enteric viruses is highest. The study compared 233,596 patients receiving continuous PPI therapy with 626,887 patients not receiving PPI therapy by using a drug dispensing database from a panel of community pharmacies in France.

Authors: Ana-Maria Vilcu, M.Sc., Sorbonne Universite, Paris, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16205)

Editor’s Note: The article contains funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

 #  #  #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Nonwhite, low-income and uninsured patients were less likely to report being treated with respect and more likely to feel the cultural competence of health care professionals was important in this survey study that used data from five new cultural competency questions that were part of a national survey.

Authors: Lynn Blewett, Ph.D., M.A., of the University of Minnesota School of Public Health in Minneapolis, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16105)

Editor’s Note: The articles includes conflict of interest disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 2019

Media advisory: To contact corresponding author Deborah Korenstein, M.D., email Nicole McNamara at mcnamarn@mskcc.org. The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

Bottom Line: The association between marijuana use and the risk of developing different kinds of cancer remained largely unclear in this analysis of 25 studies. The available studies were limited by small numbers of participants with high levels of marijuana use, poor quantification of marijuana use, and the presence of other factors such as cigarette smoking, which could influence results. Long-term studies are needed to improve understanding of marijuana’s association with the risk of developing cancer.

Authors: Deborah Korenstein, M.D., Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, and coauthors

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16318)

Editor’s Note: The article contains conflict of interest and funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

 #  #  #

For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 2019

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is the new online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. Every Wednesday and Friday, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

What The Study Did: Ethnic and racial differences between educational attainment by parents and outcomes among young people related to behavior, academics and health were explored in this observational study. The study included 10,619 adolescents ages 12 to 17 who participated in a nationally representative survey.

Authors: Shervin Assari, M.D., M.P.H., of Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science in Los Angeles, is the corresponding author.

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.16018)

Editor’s Note: The articles includes funding/support disclosures. Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, financial disclosures, funding and support, etc.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email mediarelations@jamanetwork.org.