Screen Time Before 2 Years of Age and Risk of Autism at 12 Years of Age

Posted by Jim Michalski

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A Digital Health Behavior Intervention to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 5:30 P.M. ET, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 3, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the Obesity Society Conference, ObesityWeek.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.22362?guestAccessKey=718ecc07-ada5-431f-a301-60824022ecfb&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=110324

 

About The Study: A health literacy-informed digital intervention improved child weight-for-length trajectory across the first 24 months of life and reduced childhood obesity at 24 months. The intervention was effective in a racially and ethnically diverse population that included groups at elevated risk for childhood obesity. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, William J. Heerman, MD, MPH, email Bill.Heerman@vumc.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.22362)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Translational Science Reviews—A New JAMA Review

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2024

Media advisory: The editor’s note is linked to this news release.

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About The Article: To help clinicians keep up with ongoing basic and translational science discoveries that affect the diagnosis and treatment of human disease, JAMA has launched a new series, “Translational Science Reviews.” These new article types are succinct and informative summaries of important basic science advances that are transforming diagnosis and treatment of human disease. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Mary M. McDermott, MD, email mdm608@northwestern.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.21146)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Hospital COVID-19 Burden and Adverse Event Rates

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study of hospital admissions among Medicare patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, greater hospital COVID-19 burden was associated with an increased risk of in-hospital adverse effects among both patients with and without COVID-19. These results illustrate the need for greater hospital resilience and surge capacity to prevent declines in patient safety during surges in demand. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Mark L. Metersky, MD, email metersky@uchc.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42936)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Cannabis Use During Early Pregnancy Following Recreational Cannabis Legalization

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Health Forum

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

 

About The Study: In this time-series study, recreational cannabis legalization implementation in California was associated with an increase in rates of cannabis use during early pregnancy, defined by both self-report and toxicology testing, driven by individuals living in jurisdictions that allowed adult-use retailers.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Kelly C. Young-Wolff, PhD, MPH, email kelly.c.young-wolff@kp.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.3656)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Smoking Cessation and Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42639?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=110124

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study, smoking and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk exhibited a dose-dependent association, with light ex-smokers having a CVD risk similar to that of never-smokers relatively soon after smoking cessation. For heavy ex-smokers, greater than 25 years might be required for the residual CVD risk to align with that of never-smokers. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Seung Yong Shin, MD, PhD, email theshin04@korea.ac.kr.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42639)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Alzheimer Disease as a Clinical-Biological Construct— An International Working Group Recommendation

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Neurology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 3:30 A.M. (ET), FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 1, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the 17th Clinical Trials on Alzheimer’s Disease conference.

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About The Study: This article discusses a recent revision of the Alzheimer Association criteria to define Alzheimer disease (AD) as a purely biological entity, which raises concerns that if diagnosis of AD can be reduced to the sole presence of AD core 1 biomarkers, major uncertainty and variability in the clinical prognosis of patients diagnosed with AD may be introduced.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Bruno Dubois, MD, MSc, email bruno.dubois@aphp.fr.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2024.3770)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Survival Outcomes of an Early Intervention Smoking Cessation Treatment After a Cancer Diagnosis

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Oncology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.4890?guestAccessKey=a03150b0-0509-4304-a744-c5c6c5626702&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103124

 

About The Study: The results of this prospective cohort study suggest that evidence-based smoking cessation treatment within 6 months following a cancer diagnosis maximizes survival benefit. This study supports smoking cessation as an important early clinical intervention for patients after being diagnosed with cancer. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Paul M. Cinciripini, PhD, email pcinciri@mdanderson.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2024.4890)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Differences in Drug Shortages in the US and Canada

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 31, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editor’s note are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.17688?guestAccessKey=45d5ebdb-f880-4f40-8e06-3719a132643d&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103124

 

About The Study: Drug-related reports of supply chain issues were 40% less likely to result in meaningful drug shortages in Canada compared with the U.S. These findings highlight the need for international cooperation between countries to curb the effects of drug shortages and improve resiliency of the supply chain for drugs.

 

Quote from corresponding author Katie J. Suda, PharmD, MS:

“Our U.S. drug supply chain is linked globally – shortages in one country can happen in another country – presenting an opportunity to compare and contrast how different countries are affected. When we compared the U.S. to Canada for drugs with the same supply chain issues, Canada was 40% less likely to experience national drug shortages than the U.S.

“The U.S. can learn from other countries’ pharmaceutical policy to mitigate the impact of shortages on access to essential medications. We also need to cooperate locally and globally to strengthen our pharmaceutical supply chain and regionally to recognize the interconnectedness of supply chains essential for North American health security.”

 

Contact information for Katie J. Suda, PharmD, MS: email Liz Reid at reide4@upmc.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.17688)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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PTSD, Obesity, and Accelerated Epigenetic Aging Among US Military Veterans

Posted by Jim Michalski

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Slowing Cognitive Decline in Major Depressive Disorder and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: This study showed that cognitive remediation and transcranial direct current stimulation, both targeting the prefrontal cortex, is efficacious in slowing cognitive decline in older adults at risk of cognitive decline, particularly those with remitted major depressive disorder (with or without mild cognitive impairment) and in those at low genetic risk for Alzheimer disease. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding authors, email Benoit H. Mulsant, MD, MS, (benoit.mulsant@utoronto.ca) and Tarek K. Rajji, MD, (tarek.rajji@utsouthwestern.edu)

 

(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3241)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Autism Diagnosis Among US Children and Adults

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cross-sectional study of children and adults in the U.S., autism spectrum disorder diagnosis rates increased substantially between 2011 and 2022, particularly among young adults, female children and adults, and children from some racial or ethnic minority groups. Diagnosis prevalence trends generated using health system data can inform the allocation of resources to meet the service needs of this growing, medically complex population.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Luke P. Grosvenor, PhD, email luke.p.grosvenor@kp.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42218)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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State Policies Regulating Law Enforcement Access to Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Testosterone Prescription Data

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.20035?guestAccessKey=7aec6623-446c-4b34-a47b-0e07cd0c7a5f&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103024

 

About The Study: This study found that testosterone prescription data through prescription drug monitoring programs was accessible to law enforcement without basic safeguards (such as a warrant or subpoena) in nearly half of states. The ease of access to this sensitive medical information raises privacy, care quality, and civil liberties concerns, especially amid the proliferation of gender-affirming care bans.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Katie McCreedy, MPH, email mccreedy.k@northeastern.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.20035)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Early Intervention in Patients With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis and Myocardial Fibrosis

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11:20 A.M. ET, MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release. This study is being presented at TCT 2024.

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About The Study: In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and myocardial fibrosis, early aortic valve intervention had no demonstrable effect on all-cause death or unplanned aortic stenosis–related hospitalization. The trial had a wide 95% CI around the primary end point, with further research needed to confirm these findings.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Marc R. Dweck, PhD, email marc.dweck@ed.ac.uk.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.22730)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Inhaled Reliever Therapies for Asthma

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 8 A.M. ET, MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology’s Annual Scientific Meeting.

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About The Study: In this network meta-analysis of patients with asthma, inhaled corticosteroids combined with formoterol and inhaled corticosteroids combined with short-acting β agonists were each associated with reduced asthma exacerbations and improved asthma control compared with short-acting β agonists alone.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Derek K. Chu, MD, PhD, email chudk@mcmaster.ca.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.22700)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Validation of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire in Patients With Tricuspid Regurgitation

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 30, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release. This study is being presented at TCT 2024.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2024.4266?guestAccessKey=1ba6a510-a25d-4fe3-b356-948ff8eed4b5&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=103024

 

About The Study: In this cohort study, the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ) had strong psychometric properties in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation, including reliability, responsiveness, and validity. These data support use of the KCCQ in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation as a measure of their symptoms, function, and quality of life and also for assessing the impact of interventions, such as transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention, in rigorously controlled trials. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Suzanne V. Arnold, MD, MHA, email sarnold@saint-lukes.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2024.4266)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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BMI and Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Young Adults

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41970?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102824

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study, elevated body mass index (BMI) was associated with a significantly increased post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in a dose-dependent manner, highlighting the need for targeted care to prevent chronic conditions in at-risk children and young adults. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Yong Chen, PhD, email ychen123@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41970)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Prenatal Cannabis Exposure and Executive Function and Aggressive Behavior at Age 5

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4352?guestAccessKey=684dd027-eaa8-48db-a2d7-fdf37ddcd5d4&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102824

 

About The Study: Results from this contemporary U.S. cohort where prenatal cannabis exposure was common and indicated that exposed children exhibited some differences in aspects of executive function and behavior relevant to long-term academic success and adaptive functioning. These results may be considered in refining clinical recommendations regarding cannabis use during pregnancy.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Sarah A. Keim, PhD, email sarah.keim@nationwidechildrens.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4352)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Cerebral Embolic Protection by Geographic Region

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Cardiology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 2:30 P.M. (ET), TUESDAY, OCTOBER 29, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at TCT 2024.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamacardiology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamacardio.2024.4278?guestAccessKey=323860f8-c29c-4d58-ad6f-728382ca987a&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102924

 

About The Study: The PROTECTED transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) trial could not show that the use of cerebral embolic protection (CEP) had a significant effect on the incidence of periprocedural stroke during TAVR. Although there was no significant interaction by geographic region, this exploratory post hoc analysis suggests a trend toward greater stroke reduction in the U.S. cohort but not in the outside the U.S. cohort. These findings are hypothesis generating, and further research is needed to determine if regional differences in patient characteristics or procedural practices affect CEP efficacy. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Raj R. Makkar, MD, email raj.makkar@cshs.org.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2024.4278)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflicts of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Early, Individualized Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients With Acute Kidney Injury

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1:30 P.M. ET, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week 2024.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.22718?guestAccessKey=06a428c8-6891-42ae-82eb-4ee320a85943&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102524

 

About The Study: Among patients hospitalized with acute kidney injury, recommendations from a kidney action team did not significantly reduce the composite outcome of worsening acute kidney injury stage, dialysis, or mortality, despite a higher rate of recommendation implementation in the intervention group than in the usual care group.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, F. Perry Wilson, MD, email francis.p.wilson@yale.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.22718)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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For more information, contact JAMA Network Media Relations at 312-464-JAMA (5262) or email media relations.

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Racial Residential Segregation and Mental Health During Pregnancy

Posted by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama-health-forum/fullarticle/10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.3669?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102524

About JAMA Health Forum: JAMA Health Forum is an international, peer-reviewed, online, open access journal that addresses health policy and strategies affecting medicine, health and health care. The journal publishes original research, evidence-based reports and opinion about national and global health policy; innovative approaches to health care delivery; and health care economics, access, quality, safety, equity and reform. Its distribution will be solely digital and all content will be freely available for anyone to read.

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Hospitalization for COVID-19, Other Respiratory Infections, and Postacute Patient-Reported Symptoms

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41615?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102524

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This cohort study found that postacute infection syndrome is not unique to COVID-19; it can also occur in people with other severe lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). However, compared with other LRTIs, COVID-19 appeared to impose an extra burden of neurological, cognitive, and fatigue symptoms. These findings highlight the similarities and differences between post–COVID-19 condition and postacute infection syndrome triggered by other pathogens, which will inform tailored clinical management and offer mechanistic insights into these previously overlooked syndromes. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Junqing Xie, DPhil, email junqing.xie@ndorms.ox.ac.uk.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41615)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in the Era of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists for Obesity Management

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41380?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102524

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This cross-sectional study of privately insured patients found a more than 2-fold increase in use of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) as anti-obesity medications from 2022 to 2023, with a 25.6% decrease in the rate of metabolic bariatric surgery during the same period. Our results provide a national contemporaneous estimate of the decline in metabolic bariatric surgery associated with the era of GLP-1 RAs. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Thomas C. Tsai, MD, MPH, email ttsai@bwh.harvard.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41380)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Social Media and Suicide Risk in Youth

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41499?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102524

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This overview identifies research gaps and methodological challenges that need to be addressed to guide intervention strategies and future policy relevant to youth and suicide risk. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Lisa H. Jaycox, PhD, email lisa.jaycox@nimh.gov.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41499)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Glomerular Filtration Rate Changes Following UTI in Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at the American Society of Nephrology Kidney Week 2024.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4546?guestAccessKey=2757062a-e5ee-4982-a9db-22eea6057289&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102424

 

About The Study: This cohort study uses data from the Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux trial to assess estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes in participants with vs without recurrent urinary tract infections.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, David S. Hains, MD, MBA, email dhains@iu.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4546)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Expanded Newborn Screening Using Genome Sequencing for Early Actionable Conditions

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.19662?guestAccessKey=5344c8b7-0e87-4c88-9660-55b788317c15&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102424

 

About The Study: These interim findings demonstrate the feasibility of targeted interpretation of a predefined set of genes from genome sequencing in a population of different racial and ethnic groups. DNA sequencing offers an additional method to improve screening for conditions already included in newborn screening and to add those that cannot be readily screened because there is no biomarker currently detectable in dried blood spots. Additional studies are required to understand if these findings are generalizable to populations of different racial and ethnic groups and whether introduction of sequencing leads to changes in management and improved health outcomes.

 

Quote from corresponding author, Wendy K. Chung, MD, PhD:

“The GUARDIAN study represents a significant advancement in newborn health by demonstrating the feasibility of improving and expanding newborn screening to include hundreds of rare genetic disorders. This expansion enables earlier detection and treatment and promotes health equity.

“Notably, 72% of parents approached enrolled in the study. Among the 120 true positive results, 92% received a confirmed diagnosis for conditions not included in standard newborn screening, allowing for rapid, sometimes life-saving, treatment initiation and significantly reducing the time required for patients to receive a diagnosis.”

 

Contact information for Wendy K. Chung, MD, PhD: email Wendy.Chung@childrens.harvard.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.19662)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Fentanyl, Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Analyte Concentrations in Urine Drug Testing Specimens

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41063?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102424

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: This cross-sectional study found that absolute concentrations of fentanyl, methamphetamine, and cocaine in urine specimens increased from 2013 to 2023, with a decrease in heroin concentration during that period. The findings suggest that exposure to these substances, as well as the illicit drug supply, has fundamentally changed in many parts of the U.S., highlighting the need to reinforce surveillance initiatives and accelerate efforts to treat individuals with illicitly manufactured fentanyl and/or stimulant exposure. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Andrew S. Huhn, PhD, MBA, email ahuhn1@jhmi.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41063)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Racial Disparities in Receipt of Guideline-Concordant Care in Older Adults With Early Breast Cancer

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 24, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41056?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102424

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study, non-Hispanic Black race was associated with increased odds of not receiving guideline-concordant care (GCC) and less timely treatment initiation. Non-Hispanic Black race was associated with increased all-cause mortality, which was reduced after adjusting for GCC and clinical and sociodemographic factors. These findings suggest that optimizing timely receipt of GCC may represent a modifiable pathway to improving inferior survival outcomes among older non-Hispanic Black patients with breast cancer.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Yehoda M. Martei, MD, MSCE, email yehoda.martei@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41056)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Social Determinants of Health and US Health Care Expenditures by Insurer

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40467?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102324

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cross-sectional study of 14,000 insured adults, individual-level social determinants of health were significantly associated with U.S. health care expenditures by Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurers. These findings may inform health insurers and policymakers to incorporate social determinants of health in their decision-making practices to identify and control health care expenditures, advancing health equity. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Giridhar Mohan, MPH, email gmohan1@jhu.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40467)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Traumatic and Adverse Childhood Experiences and Developmental Differences in Psychiatric Risk

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Psychiatry

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3231?guestAccessKey=f6802585-2f18-42ae-8ffd-df385e068fce&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102324

 

About The Study: In this cohort study, distinct forms of traumatic and adverse childhood experiences differentially moderated developmental changes in psychiatric risk and cognitive ability in different ways, offering the possibility for precision-based prediction of risk for youth. Such findings could be used in targeted early prevention and intervention strategies for at-risk youth. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Justin D. Russell, PhD, email jdrussell3@wisc.edu

 

(10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.3231)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Perspectives on Medical School Admission for Black Students Among Premedical Advisers at Historically Black Colleges and Universities

Posted by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40887?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102324

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GLP-1 Receptor Agonist and SGLT2 Inhibitor Prescribing in People With Type 1 Diabetes

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 23, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.18581?guestAccessKey=cd902433-0cd6-41d6-ab19-9ee8613ac394&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102324

 

About The Study: Prescribing for both glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in a type 1 diabetes (T1D) population identified in a database increased between 2010 and 2023. Differences in characteristics of the overall T1D population and those newly prescribed the medications are often associated with elevated cardiorenal risk profiles, suggesting use of these newer treatments was intended to address additional medical needs. Concerns about euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis led to the removal of SGLT2 inhibitors for T1D in Europe, and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has not approved their use in T1D.

 

Quote from corresponding author Hui Shao, MD, PhD:

“Despite concerns that GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors may cause serious adverse events such as ketoacidosis, the use of these medications in type 1 diabetes (T1D) has sharply increased over the past decade. This increase is likely to continue due to their significant benefits in weight management and cardiorenal protection observed in individuals with type 2 diabetes and the general obese population.

 

“Urgent studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of GLP-1RAs and SGLT2 inhibitors in the T1D population. Before such evidence becomes available, caution should be used when prescribing these treatments to individuals with T1D.”

 

Contact information for Hui Shao, MD, PhD: email hui.shao@emory.edu.)

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.18581)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Maternal Eating Disorders, BMI, and Offspring Psychiatric Diagnoses

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 22, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40517?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=102224

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this population-based cohort study including 392,000 mothers and 649,000 offspring, offspring from mothers with an eating disorder history or pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) outside normal weight were at higher risk of psychiatric disorders. The results differed somewhat between the 2 exposures with regard to which offspring diagnoses had associations, and effect sizes were typically larger for maternal eating disorders vs BMI. These findings suggest a need to consider these 2 exposures clinically to help prevent offspring mental illness.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Ida A. K. Nilsson, PhD, email ida.nilsson@ki.se.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40517)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Toddler Screen Use Before Bed and Its Effect on Sleep and Attention

Posted by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.3997?guestAccessKey=c0c8379b-6753-40a8-8a13-ece32e4c400b&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102124

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Levels of Satisfaction and Regret With Gender-Affirming Medical Care in Adolescence

Posted by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4527?guestAccessKey=d1125010-920a-4d64-ba12-29f09d81af03&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102124

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World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki: Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Participants

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. ET, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 19, 2024

Media advisory: The full article, editor’s note and related Viewpoints are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.21972?guestAccessKey=1baf7916-9886-44d7-b376-aa02bc722147&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101924

 

About The Article: This article presents the 2024 revision of the World Medical Association’s Declaration of Helsinki, a set of principles to guide the ethical treatment of participants in medical research.

Corresponding Author: World Medical Association (wma@wma.net).

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.21972)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Making the Ethical Oversight of All Clinical Trials Fit for Purpose

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. ET, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 19, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and editorial are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.0269?guestAccessKey=0e843b02-3531-4628-92b6-b4db8135bf69&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101924

 

About The Study: This article examines ethical oversight of clinical research in the U.S. and offers practical recommendations that are consistent with current regulations and that could help to make research oversight better fit for purpose for different types of studies.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Nancy E. Kass, ScD, email nkass@jhu.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.0269)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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National Trends in Infant Mortality in the US After Dobbs

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4276?guestAccessKey=e7e9550e-5563-4801-bc4f-b743bed9ccff&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102124

 

About The Study: Infant mortality was higher than expected, overall and among those with congenital anomalies, for several months after the Dobbs decision in the U.S. No post-Dobbs months (i.e., no months after June 2022) showed lower than expected infant mortality. These findings are consistent with the increase in infant mortality found in Texas following the state’s abortion ban.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Parvati Singh, PhD, email singh.1704@osu.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.4276)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Strategies to Help Patients Navigate High Prescription Drug Costs

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, MONDAY, OCTOBER 21, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.17275?guestAccessKey=62669f3e-7835-48ef-b478-eb0f7d258423&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=102124

 

About The Study: The current patchwork of strategies to help patients manage high prescription drug costs highlights the structural and policy challenges within the U.S. prescription drug market that impede affordable access for some patients. While these strategies provide tangible solutions for clinicians to help patients access medically appropriate but costly medications, they do not address the root causes of high drug prices.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Hussain S. Lalani, MD, MPH, MSc, email hlalani@bwh.harvard.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.17275)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Time to Sustained Recovery Among Outpatients With COVID-19 Receiving Montelukast vs Placebo

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 18, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication.

  

About The Study: In this randomized clinical trial of outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19, treatment with montelukast did not reduce duration of COVID-19 symptoms. These findings do not support the use of montelukast for the treatment of mild to moderate COVID-19. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Susanna Naggie, MD, MHS, email susanna.naggie@duke.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39332)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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Accessibility of and Barriers to Long-Term Follow-Up Care for Childhood Cancer Survivors

Posted by Jim Michalski

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Effect of Electric Fans on Body Core Temperature in Older Adults Exposed to Extreme Indoor Heat

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Electric fan use did not lower peak core temperature in older adults exposed to extreme indoor heat. Reductions in end-exposure core temperature and heart rate were observed, but they were small and of questionable clinical importance. Neither exceeded previous suggestions for clinical significance. Consistent with recent modeling, these data do not support fans as an efficacious standalone cooling intervention for older adults in hot indoor environments (>33-35 °C).

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Glen P. Kenny, PhD, email gkenny@uottawa.ca.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.19457)

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Buprenorphine/Naloxone vs Methadone for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.16954?guestAccessKey=4b397f2f-45a2-45f1-8d13-9d0896a0c22f&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101724

 

About The Study: Individuals receiving methadone had a lower risk of treatment discontinuation compared with those who received buprenorphine/naloxone. The risk of mortality while receiving treatment was similar between medications.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Bohdan Nosyk, PhD, email bnosyk@sfu.ca.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.16954)

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Prevalence of Glaucoma Among US Adults in 2022

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Ophthalmology

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), THURSDAY, OCTOBER 17, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaophthalmology/fullarticle/10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3884?guestAccessKey=7c4ed689-a88b-4419-9d34-3ab4e26203d7&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101724

 

About The Study: This meta-analysis found that an estimated 2.56% of people 40 years or older have glaucoma, slightly more than estimated by previous studies. Black individuals are disproportionately affected. Prevalence estimates at the state and county level can help guide public health planning. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Joshua R. Ehrlich, MD, MPH, email joshre@umich.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2024.3884)

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Comparison of Outcomes for Patients Treated by Allopathic vs Osteopathic Surgeons

Posted by Jim Michalski

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Testing and Evaluation of Health Care Applications of Large Language Models

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. ET, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Existing evaluations of large language models mostly focus on accuracy of question answering for medical examinations, without consideration of real patient care data. Dimensions such as fairness, bias, and toxicity and deployment considerations received limited attention. Future evaluations should adopt standardized applications and metrics, use clinical data, and broaden focus to include a wider range of tasks and specialties.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Nigam H. Shah, MBBS, PhD, email nigam@stanford.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.21700)

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FDA Perspective on the Regulation of AI in Health Care and Biomedicine

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. ET, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Strong oversight by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) protects the long-term success of industries by focusing on evaluation to advance regulated technologies that improve health. The FDA will continue to play a central role in ensuring safe, effective, and trustworthy AI tools to improve the lives of patients and clinicians alike. However, all involved entities will need to attend to AI with the rigor this transformative technology merits.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Haider J. Warraich, MD, email haider.warraich@fda.hhs.gov.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.21451)

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In Utero Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 and Offspring Neurodevelopment Through Age 24 Months

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39792?utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_term=101624

About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cohort study of pregnant individuals and offspring, exposure to maternal COVID-19 was not associated with abnormal neurodevelopmental screening results through 24 months’ postpartum. Continued study of diverse groups of children is needed because, among other factors, evidence suggests sensitivity of the developing fetal brain to maternal immune activation. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Eleni G. Jaswa, MD, MSc, MAS, email elenijaswa@gmail.com.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39792)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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HLA-DRB1*01:03 and Severe Ulcerative Colitis

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 4 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release. This study is being presented at United European Gastroenterology Week 2024.

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About The Study: Among individuals with ulcerative colitis, the allele HLA-DRB1*01:03 was associated with severe ulcerative colitis requiring major operation, hospitalization, and systemic corticosteroid use compared with less severe disease. HLA-DRB1*01:03 has previously been linked to ulcerative colitis incidence. This study supports earlier, targeted genetic studies comparing patients with healthy controls reporting an association with total disease and severe disease requiring colectomy.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Marie Vibeke Vestergaard, MSc, email marievv@dcm.aau.dk.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.20429)

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Breast Cancer in Users of Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Systems

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 16, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/10.1001/jama.2024.18575?guestAccessKey=3a35c89f-2281-49c1-ae17-1885e3cffb8e&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101624

 

About The Study: This Danish nationwide study found an association between levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) use and increased breast cancer risk in females ages 15 to 49, compared with nonuse. LNG-IUS use constitutes the preferred hormonal contraception among Danish premenopausal women older than 30 years. Although the absolute breast cancer risk is low in young women, this study found an excess risk of 14 per 10,000 females. The risk did not increase with duration of use.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Lina Steinrud Mørch, MSc, PhD, email morch@cancer.dk.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.18575)

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Hospital Strain During the COVID-19 Pandemic and Outcomes in Older Racial and Ethnic Minority Adults

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Network Open

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. ET, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15, 2024

Media advisory: The full study and commentary are linked to this news release.

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About JAMA Network Open: JAMA Network Open is an online-only open access general medical journal from the JAMA Network. On weekdays, the journal publishes peer-reviewed clinical research and commentary in more than 40 medical and health subject areas. Every article is free online from the day of publication. 

 

About The Study: In this cross-sectional study, older adults hospitalized with sepsis were more likely to die or experience major morbidity as the hospital COVID-19 burden increased. These increases in adverse outcomes were greater in magnitude among members of minority populations than for white individuals. 

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Laurent G. Glance, MD, email laurent_glance@urmc.rochester.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38563)

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Acupuncture vs Sham Acupuncture for Chronic Sciatica From Herniated Disk

Posted by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/jamainternmed.2024.5463?guestAccessKey=6288cecb-4296-4e9c-8d42-8960ced5e0fd&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101424

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Free Summer Programming and BMI Among Schoolchildren From Low-Income Households

Posted by Jim Michalski

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.3693?guestAccessKey=14dbb50c-e63c-402b-9f2b-106864eaf00b&utm_source=For_The_Media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101424

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Trends in Oral and Injectable HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis Prescriptions in the US

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. ET, MONDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use increased between 2013 and 2023, with generic tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) being the most frequently prescribed medication since 2021. Injectable PrEP use was low likely because of barriers such as the high cost of stocking this expensive medication in clinics.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Laura M. Mann, PhD, MPH, email lmann@cdc.gov.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.21493)

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Mpox Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Approaches, and Treatment Strategies

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 1 P.M. ET, MONDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

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About The Study: Mpox is a viral infection transmitted primarily through close skin to skin contact that typically causes a self-resolving illness but can result in severe illness and death in immunocompromised individuals. First-line therapy is supportive care, although patients with severe mpox infection may be treated with advanced therapeutics. Mpox vaccination is effective and, if available, should be offered to individuals at risk of exposure to mpox.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Jason Zucker, MD, MS, email Jz2700@cumc.columbia.edu.

 

(doi:10.1001/jama.2024.21091)

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Risk of Suicidal Ideation or Attempts in Adolescents With Obesity Treated With GLP1 Receptor Agonists

Posted by Jim Michalski

JAMA Pediatrics

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE: 11 A.M. (ET), MONDAY, OCTOBER 14, 2024

Media advisory: The full study is linked to this news release.

Embed this link to provide your readers free access to the full-text article This link will be live at the embargo time https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.3812?guestAccessKey=30dc2b89-6672-48bd-aba1-1936667825bf&utm_source=for_the_media&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=ftm_links&utm_content=tfl&utm_term=101424

 

About The Study: In this study, adolescents with obesity prescribed a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1R) had a lower incidence of suicidal ideation or attempts compared with matched patients not prescribed GLP1R who were treated with lifestyle intervention. These results suggest a favorable psychiatric safety profile of GLP1R in adolescents. The detected reduction in hazard ratios for suicidal ideation among adolescents with obesity prescribed GLP1R suggests potential avenues for future research.

Corresponding Author: To contact the corresponding author, Liya Kerem, MD, MSc, email liya.em@gmail.com.

 

(doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2024.3812)

Editor’s Note: Please see the article for additional information, including other authors, author contributions and affiliations, conflict of interest and financial disclosures, and funding and support.

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