Traffic and Industrial Pollutants and Chronic Rhinosinusitis

How is long-term residential exposure to traffic and industrial pollution associated with sinonasal inflammation?In this case-control study that analyzed sinonasal specimens from 92 individuals with chronic rhinosinusitis and nonchronic rhinosinusitis, traffic-related nitrogen dioxide exposure was associated with elevated type 2 cytokine expression, whereas benzene and lead exposures were associated with non–type 2 cytokine profiles that were characterized by more innate and neutrophilic inflammatory patterns.The study results suggest that long-term residential exposure to traffic-related and industry-related pollutants was associated with distinct sinonasal inflammatory signatures and endotypic diversity, suggesting pollutant-specific pathways that may contribute to heterogeneous chronic rhinosinusitis pathophysiology.

Corresponding Author: Jivianne T. Lee, MD, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, 62-132 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 (jtlee@mednet.ucla.edu).

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