Original Investigation

Medicaid Expansion and Place-Based Disparities in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Diagnosis and Survival

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.25384

July 28, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Is Medicaid expansion associated with reduced place-based disparities in insurance coverage, early-stage diagnosis, and survival of non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)? In this cohort study that included 303 503 patients with NSCLC diagnosed between 2009 and 2019, Medicaid expansion was associated with significant improvements in insurance coverage, early-stage diagnosis, and 3-year overall survival. Patients residing in socioeconomically vulnerable areas had greater improvements. These findings suggest that improved outcomes and reduced place-based disparities for patients with NSCLC are consistent with potential benefits associated with Medicaid expansion.

Corresponding Author: Lu Zhang, PhD, Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, 530 Edwards Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 (lz3@clemson.edu).

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