Nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure vs Nasal Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation in Preterm Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Is nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) noninferior to nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) as primary support before minimally invasive surfactant administration for reducing intubation within 72 hours in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome?In this randomized clinical trial of 312 infants, NCPAP was inferior to NIPPV. The incidence of NIV failure within 72 hours was significantly higher in the NCPAP group, leading to early trial termination.These findings suggest that NIPPV may be more effective than NCPAP as primary support for preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Corresponding Author: Tongyan Han, MD, Department of Pediatrics, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 North Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China (tongyanhan@bjmu.edu.cn).

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