Original Investigation

Conditional Medicaid Expansion and Mental Health Outcomes in Georgia

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.13934

June 02, 2026 at 1:15 PM EDT

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Was the Georgia Pathways to Coverage conditional Medicaid expansion associated with changes in mental health among Medicaid-eligible adults?In this cross-sectional study with 8138 participants, Georgia’s conditional Medicaid expansion was associated with an increase in poor mental health and a higher probability of having ever been told one had a depressive disorder compared with neighboring non–Medicaid expansion states.These findings suggest that Georgia’s Pathways to Coverage expansion program may have worsened mental health among Medicaid-eligible adults, possibly through administrative and documentation burdens and uncertainty about maintaining eligibility with work requirements.

Corresponding Author: Sezen O. Onal, PhD, Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, 450 Clarkson Ave, MSC 43, PHAB 4-015, Brooklyn, NY 11203 (Sezen.OzcanOnal@downstate.edu).

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