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Editorial

Beyond the Pulmonary Veins in Atrial Fibrillation—Are We There Yet?

JAMA 10.1001/jama.2026.17688

August 30, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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This Editorial accompanies two Original Investigations during the European Society of Cardiology Congress in Munich, Germany:

Note: The Editorial is embargoed until 11 AM EDT Sunday, in alignment with IDEAL-AF.

  • Low-Voltage Ablation in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (IDEAL-AF)

  • Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using Pulsed Field Ablation With vs Without Posterior Wall Isolation in Patients with Symptomatic Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (PIFPAF-PFA)

Corresponding Author: Peter M. Kistler, MBBS, PhD, Department of Cardiology, The Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Rd, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia (peter.kistler@baker.edu.au).

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