Team Behavior and Patient Outcome Changes After Human Factors Program in a Pediatric Airway Setting

This quality improvement study found that a structured human factors training program improved communication, coordination, and nontechnical skills during pediatric airway endoscopy, corresponding to a Kirkpatrick level 3 behavioral change. Although clinical outcomes were unchanged, observed behavioral and environmental improvements support a cultural shift in the operating room and justify integrating human factors education into pediatric surgical training programs.

Corresponding Author: Briac Thierry, MD, PhD, Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France (briac.thierry@aphp.fr).

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