Original Investigation

Age at Diagnosis and Clinical and Genetic Profiles Among Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.34125

September 16, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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In this cross-sectional study of adults with ADHD, individuals first diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood showed a milder ADHD-like clinical and genetic profile than those diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, which may contribute to later recognition of the disorder. Nonetheless, adults diagnosed either as youths or adults exhibited profiles characteristic of ADHD relative to matched controls without ADHD, including substantial burden, supporting adult-diagnosed ADHD as a clinically important subgroup warranting recognition and management.

Corresponding Authors: Douglas Teixeira Leffa, MD, PhD (teixeiraleffad@upmc.edu), and Tharick A. Pascoal, MD, PhD (pascoalt@upmc.edu), Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Meyran Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.

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