Original Investigation

Youth Soccer Participation and Brain Health Outcomes in Adolescent Athletes

JAMA Network Open 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2026.19569

June 22, 2026 at 11:00 AM EDT

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Is participation in youth soccer associated with short-term changes in cognition, behavior, brain structure and function, or biomarkers of brain injury compared with noncontact sports?In this cohort study of 129 youth athletes, no statistically significant differences were detected over 1 season between soccer players and noncontact athletes in cognition, behavior, balance, neuroimaging metrics, or blood biomarkers.Although this study found no difference in brain-related outcomes over 1 season between youth soccer players and noncontact sports athletes, large, multiyear studies are required to inform health policy.

Corresponding Author: Inga K. Koerte, MD, cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Nussbaumstr 5, 80336 Munich, Germany (inga.koerte@med.lmu.de).

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