Large Language Model Chatbot Conversations vs Public Health Materials and Parental HPV Vaccination Intentions

Do brief conversations with a large language model (LLM) chatbot increase parental intention to vaccinate children against human papillomavirus (HPV) more than standard public health materials?In this randomized clinical trial of 1297 parents of unvaccinated children, brief LLM chatbot interactions significantly increased HPV vaccination intent compared with no intervention but did not outperform public health materials, and their effects did not persist by 45 days.This study’s results suggest that brief LLM chatbot conversations may increase short-term vaccination intentions but offer limited advantage over existing public health messaging for promoting HPV vaccination.

Corresponding Author: Neil K. R. Sehgal, ME, Computer and Information Science Department, University of Pennsylvania, 3330 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (nsehgal@upenn.edu).

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