Screening Children for Early-Stage Type 1 Diabetes

What is the frequency and prognosis of presymptomatic type 1 diabetes in children?In a German population-based screening study of islet autoantibody testing in 220 476 children, 590 were diagnosed with early (stage 1 or 2) type 1 diabetes (adjusted population prevalence, 0.3%). Screening identified 81% (212 of 260) of the children who developed clinical (stage 3) type 1 diabetes during follow-up; progression to clinical type 1 diabetes occurred at an annualized rate of 9.6%.These findings inform screening programs to diagnose early-stage type 1 diabetes in children and the design of trials aimed at delaying clinical type 1 diabetes.

Corresponding Author: Anette-Gabriele Ziegler, MD, Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Munich, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany (anettegabriele.ziegler@helmholtz-munich.de).

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